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ORA-01045: user %s lacks CREATE SESSION privilege; logon denied

You are trying to connect to the database with a database user who does not have to CREATE SESSION privileges.

First create a new user, but do not grant the CREATE SESSION privileges: 
SQL> create user i_lack_privileges identified by please_grant_them;

User created.
Next, try to logon with the new user: 
H:\>sqlplus i_lack_privileges/please_grant_them@//localhost/ORA111

SQL*Plus: Release 11.1.0.7.0

Copyright (c) 1982, 2008, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

ERROR:
ORA-01045: user I_LACK_PRIVILEGES lacks CREATE SESSION privilege; logon denied


Enter user-name:
In order to successfully connect to the database, we need to grant the necessary privileges: 
SQL> grant create session to i_lack_privileges;

Grant succeeded.
You can also grant the CONNECT role to a (new) user.

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